sea freight usa to nz: a beginner's guide to costs, timing, and paperwork

What sea freight involves

Shipping by ocean is slower than air, but it offers predictable schedules and far lower costs for bulky loads. Beginners should think in terms of container choices: FCL for a full box, or LCL when you share space with others. A forwarder can combine pickup, export clearance, and delivery so you only manage the essentials.

Transit time and pricing

Typical sailings run 20 to 35 days port to port, plus time for handoffs at each end. Rates depend on volume, weight, the chosen service, and seasonal demand. Expect accessorials such as terminal handling, customs fees, and possible quarantine inspections on arrival in New Zealand. Build a buffer of at least one week to handle delays and biosecurity checks.

Documents you will need

• Commercial invoice with HS codes and clear product descriptions
• Packing list detailing units, weights, and dimensions
• Bill of lading or sea waybill issued by the carrier
• NZ import entry and customs client code where required
• Biosecurity declarations for wood packaging and food items

To keep risk low, insure the cargo, photograph packing, and choose Incoterms that match who controls costs and responsibility.